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Shrimp Breeding

1. INTRODUCTION TO SHRIMP BREEDING

Galah shrimp freshwater shrimp breeding is a commodity that can be marketed both for domestic and foreign. Sizes from 100 gr s.d. 200 grams per head. Even the shrimp caught in public waters can reach 300 grams per head. Prawns can be maintained in shrimp breeding ponds or made by shrimp farmers, either polyculture or monoculture with low enough cost so as to increase farmers’ income. Given the prospect of a good marketing then cultured shrimp technical guidelines should be developed.

2. MAINTENANCE SYSTEM FOR SHRIMP BREEDING

A. Maintenance of a single system (monkulter).
shrimp breeding In captivity a single shrimp, pool size should be used more than 500 m2 and a minimum water depth of 1.0 M. pool maintenance The basis is a bit sandy soil, while the pond dikes can be either base or foundation. Water used for maintenance should be free from contamination, either from sewage, farm production and household plants. Discharge of water needed for shrimp breeding is 1-5 liters per second until the 1000 M2.

B. maintenance system mixture (polyculture).
Maintenance of shrimp breeding polyculture system is mostly done by farmers. The recommended combination is a type of fish herbivores (plant eaters) like Tawes, Mujaer and goldfish. Treatment pond to Campuan care similar to that performed for a single maintenance. Secar water flow required to keep and fertilization rate of more than 100-250 gram/m2 tingg plus artificial food (pellets).

3. PREPARATION POOL TO SHRIMP BREEDING.

Preparation for the shrimp breedingpond maintenance includes draining the pool, repair levees, pond bottom soil treatments, repair levees, pond bottom soil treatments, and make kemalir. Liming with doses of 10-25 gram/m2 pool aims to sanitation. fertilizer as much as 100-250 gram/m2 can be done when the shrimp were given extra food, but when extra food is given full, pemumpukan school is not required. To prevent wild animals, on the revenue line is given strainer / filter. Stocking of shrimp is done after 5 to 7 days of water to fill the pond.

4. Seeding for shrimp breeding

shrimp breeding , prawn seeds should be planted more resistant to the size of the adolescent. At the stocking on a single maintenance system for 5-10 tokolam ekor/m2 is sized 3-5 cm. According to James P. Mc vey,. Ph.D. shrimp density can be 15 birds per m2 when the condition of water and enough extra food, but if there is enough water, no additional food (eating shrimp only from conception only), then the density of shrimp tails per/m2 only 10, but when there is no adequate water and fertilizer are also not available for swimming, can be tested density of 2 tail shrimp / m 2.
Dense stocking for breeding prawns per m2 is recommended in the maintenance of the organic fertilization and crop polyculture tambahan10 shrimps plus organic fertilizer alone, the density of 10 shrimp per m2 is recommended tails. For the maintenance of shrimp harvesting system gradually, could re-stocking in each 50% harvest of shrimp harvested julah.

5. PROVIDING FOOD FOR SHRIMP BREEDING

Shrimp Breeding were given additional food in the form of pellets (25% protein) with the amount of feed 5% by weight of the total population of shrimp biomass per day. Frequency of delivery is 2 times per day, ie in the afternoon and evening, because at that shrimp would be more active.
To determine the weight of the total population of shrimp in shrimp breeding by taking a few shrimp to the sample which then can we know the weight – rata. The average weight multiplied by the amount estimated in the pool to get the total weight. The amount of 5% per day shall be adjusted every two weeks. If all is in good condition for the growth of the shrimp we can expect morality is only about 5% per month. Thus it can be estimated that the number of shrimp will be harvested by reducing 5% per month. Shrimp food in pellet form can be purchased in the market can also make your own by mixing all the ingredients needed and destroy it with a grinding machine.

6. WATER MANAGEMENT FOR SHRIMP BREEDING

On the shrimp breeding ponds, shrimp to maintain the health, quality and quantity of water should always be monitored. Usually a single system for the maintenance of shrimp, water quality tends to decline (bad) after 1 month of maintenance mas. To improve the quality of water can spread out to eat fish plangton species with low density. Redah water quality is characterized by the number of shrimp on the surface in the morning. Another way that can be achieved is by changing the amount of water by the third section with new water.

7. Disease in shrimp breeding

The most serious shrimp breeding diseases caused by environmental conditions favorable spin and not too crowded, lack of food, the handling is not good, and so on. Meaningful ways to cope with the best and most effective way is to provide the best conditions in shrimp. After swimming a serious disease usually too late to take any action. Healing by providing anti biotika or fungicide entire cost very expensive. Therefore cheaper to drain the pond and start from scratch to provide water prawn breeding.

8. HARVESTING of shrimp breeding
After the maintenance period of 3 to 5 months of shrimp breeding can be harvested. At the time of harvest varies from the total weight of 20-50 grams per head ukurang.
Secar gradual harvesting system can be selected only measure consumption dimanan content of 30 to 40 fish / kg (market size). In the first stage is done after the maintenance period of 2 months (from tokolan) using nets and setaip next month. Production of giant shrimp breeding  can until 2 to 40 tons / hectare.
Mechanical harvesting is the easiest and least expensive way is to drain the pond in part or entirely. Usually when going to harvest all shrimp breeding ponds dry completely, but it will reap most of all it is only part of the water is discarded.
At the time of harvest should be incorporated into a pool of fresh water through the entrance channel. In addition to harvesting must be done in the morning temperatures are still low Diman.
Fresh fresh water flows into the pond is necessary to prevent the shrimp is not dead kepanansan, water is discharged through the drain in the center so that all shrimp ponds will accumulate in the vessel or fishing in the channels and caught with small nets (serok). After that put in a bucket filled with ice or in packaging that has been prepared and sent to
the market.
When harvested all pools must be drained and ready again for the next Shrimp breeding.